Carotenoid composition and bioaccessibility of papaya cultivars from Hawaii

Papaya (C. papaya) is a rich source of bioactive compounds. However, fruit content varies greatly depending on factors such as the variety and growing location. In this study, three yellow-fleshed papaya cultivars (L??ie Gold, Rainbow, Kapoho Solo) two red-fleshed (Sunset Sunrise) were harvested from different locations throughout Hawaiian Islands analyzed for their mineral carotenoid using ICP-MS HPLC, respectively. Bioaccessibility carotenoids across compared an in-vitro digestion model. Yellow-fleshed papayas contained major carotenoids: ?-carotene ?-cryptoxanthin. addition to these carotenoids, also high lycopene levels. Varietal geographical differences evident in both bioaccessibility. ?-cryptoxanthin was main among cultivars, Laie Rainbow Solo (242.9–739.5 ?g/100 g), followed by (152.4–331.0 g). The varieties, Sunset Sunrise, 1089.6–1570.4 ?g /100 g. Papayas (100 g) 6% 8% dietary reference intake (DRI) Cu Mg, respectively, but less than 3% DRI other minerals. Among papayas, total bioaccessibility highest Kea?au farms Island Hawaii. ranged 1.5–11.4%. Altogether, findings suggest that not only variety, location alter papaya.